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The idea of a land value tax has  like Adam Smith and Milton Friedman. A land value tax , regardless of what exists on it. Therefore, erecting a building, whether it be a home or factory, would not change the tax. Land value tax proposals are seen as a way to reduce inequality. While the U.S. does not have this kind of tax, .

Americans are living longer than before, but the country’s retirement age has not shifted to accommodate its citizen’s increased longevity. Some see this as a problem, which is why there are Republican-led efforts to raise the Social Security and Medicare ages to 70 years old. Around 55 million people are currently on Medicare. In theory, increasing the retirement age would . However, critics say the change would .  

The United States became one of the world’s wealthiest and most powerful nations from decades of unpaid slave labor and unequal wages for minorities. Recent reports revealed that , and one economic proposal for closing the racial wealth gap involves paying reparations. This idea received a groundswell of attention following Ta-Nehisi Coates’ 2014 essay  Some  taxing the wealthiest, creating first-time homeowner grants, and funding higher education. , but there is strong political dissent to the idea.

Democratic leaders are pushing for a program that guarantees jobs. However, their proposals differ on what those programs would look like.  that would place job-seekers in industries like construction or childcare, and guarantee workers a living wage and health insurance. Programs like these would . However, proponents argue these programs could be paid for by adjusting the American tax system. India ran a jobs program with its , and South Africa has its own version with the .

Music superfans will give a paycheck and a half to see their favorite artists. Tickets for Beyoncé, Adele, and Guns N' Roses are typically expensive because they are . This type of market exists because a lot of people are willing to pay way more than the face-value ticket price. Ticket scalping is a , but it would all disappear if musicians would .

Homeowners can deduct the interest paid on their mortgages from their annual taxes for their first and second homes. This version of the tax break on home-buying has been . India has a similar policy, while the United Kingdom . Other European nations allow citizens to deduct any form of interest paid from their taxes. In America, progressive proponents for ending the mortgage deduction argue  who can’t afford to own homes. Ending the deduction could .

College football and basketball brings in millions of dollars annually for the National Collegiate Athletic Association.  have attempted to get the NCAA to pay its college athletes, since the organization profits from student athletes who often don’t have time to work other jobs. Some economists have argued all Division I athletes should receive a cash stipend while others say athletes should be paid  for the program. Determining the value of each player and creating a fair system to pay them accordingly has proven difficult for economists.

Universal basic income or guaranteed income programs are used throughout the world—from  to Kenya. In these programs, the government gives every citizen a monthly stipend, regardless of their current job or economic status.  say the cash can greatly improve quality of life if people use it to cover basic costs like housing, food, and health care. While Democrats are the usual supporters of this kind of program, .

Some industries—such as  or â€”require members to be licensed to work. Some economists argue that work licenses stifle innovation and restrict the kinds of people who can work in an industry because they are costly and time-consuming. According to the , occupational licensing unfairly burdens the impoverished who may lack the means to enter the industry. According to one study,  because their license is only viable in one state.

Imagine being able to use your local post office like a bank. That is the basic idea behind postal banking, a . Her plan would allow people to open checking and savings accounts at post offices and take out small short-term loans. These services would help people who do not have the means or capital to access larger banks and protect them from predatory payday lenders. Also, money flowing into the U.S. Postal Service could . The idea will likely gain Democratic support since .

Championed by Sen. Bernie Sanders during the 2016 Democratic presidential primary,  from mainstream Democrats. Under a single-payer plan, , including coverage for primary care, prescription drugs, dental, and vision. America is the  without universal health coverage. Opponents to such a system argue healthy Americans would be paying the bills of sick Americans, pointing out that .

Cryptocurrency offers users a digital money system that tracks all the transactions of an individual coin. With its ability to keep detailed records within the currency system,  for nations concerned with fraud or tax evasion. It also does not require a bank to hold it.  are looking into using the technology throughout their nation’s banking system, which would  and locate financial power more locally than in large financial institutions.

A  each time the item’s value is increased. For example, a piece of metal is taxed when it is turned from ore into a beam, then again when the beam it is placed in the body of a car, and once more when that car is sold. The tax is levied every time the item changes hands or value, which makes it a consumption tax. America is one of the few countries in the world without a value-added tax system. Opponents say this tax would hurt consumers because they would have to pay higher prices on the assembled items they buy. Democrats and Republicans both  creating this kind of a tax.

Marijuana is legal for recreational use in Alaska, California, Colorado, Massachusetts, Maine, Oregon, and Washington. Recreational marijuana was legalized in Colorado in 2014, and one county  in the local economy. California is expected to see a  after legalizing the drug. States like Michigan and  are expected to vote in the fall on whether to legalize weed.

The vast majority of countries have paid maternity leave, while . Forcing men to step away from work to care for their children has been shown to . Since 2016, Swedish men have up to 90 days of paid paternal leave. In the U.S., women are protected in taking up to 12 weeks of maternity leave, but this is not required. There is no major proposal coming for paid paternity leave in America. However, experiments with such programs have .

Nearly 12 U.S. states are , which would force companies to pay a fee for emitting carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases. Canada, China, and the European Union are in agreement on the idea, too. How much money the tax would generate for the U.S. government depends on the level of taxation, but some estimates . However, those speaking out against the tax say it will .

Betting on sports in mostly illegal in the United States, apart from a few states and a slowly growing list of states looking to change that. However, some economists have warned the . Meanwhile, states like New Jersey who legalized the gambling in 2018 say .

Think of a baby bond proposal like a trust fund for every American. Under the , every child would receive between $500 and $20,000 based on the parents’ wealth. The money would be untouchable until the child turns 18. That’s when he or she will be able to use the money however desired. The proposals are a way of spurring savings, especially in nonwhite American households.

Rather than simply raising the minimum wage to a certain amount, such as $15 per hour, some economists would like to see the United States move to a living wage system, where hourly wages are . For example, if you earn the current minimum wage in the United States, you would  across the nation. In Los Angeles, the minimum wage would  for an adult with a child to cover costs. California’s current minimum wage is $11 per hour. Sen. Bernie Sanders called for this policy during his run for president.

Having open borders, or no longer restricting the movement of people across countries, is a politically divisive issue. However, economically not having strict borders would . An  if there were no borders. However, very few political leaders around the world have championed this issue.