Are free bank accounts actually free?
Are free bank accounts actually free?
Free stuff is great, but it often comes with a catch. So are free bank accounts actually free, and if they are, how does the bank make money?
What is a 鈥渇ree鈥 bank account?
If you ever see a bank account review or see an advertisement for a 鈥渇ree鈥 or 鈥渇ee-free鈥 bank account, that usually means the account doesn鈥檛 charge a monthly maintenance fee.
Monthly maintenance fees, sometimes called service fees, are used to maintain a bank鈥檚 infrastructure (like branches and ) and, of course, make it money.
Most banks are for-profit institutions, so many charge monthly fees in exchange for using their accounts. Makes sense, right?
This begs the question, though 鈥 if a bank doesn鈥檛 charge monthly maintenance fees, how are they making money? Even more puzzling, if the , how are they affording to pay you interest if you get to use the account for free? explains.
The truth about free bank accounts
, such as SoFi, Capital One and Ally Bank, make money in other ways, mainly through interchange fees.
Interchange fees, sometimes called a 鈥渟wipe鈥 fee, are fees charged for processing card transactions. These fees are set by the card networks themselves, which include Visa, Mastercard, and American Express. And each type of card can have a different interchange fee (debit, credit, business, etc.).
When you swipe your debit or credit card, the card network gets paid a fee by the merchant for processing the card, and then the bank gets a percentage of that interchange fee.
The good news is that merchants don鈥檛 typically pass these fees onto the consumer.
This is how make their money and can get away with not charging consumers monthly fees. So while you aren鈥檛 paying a monthly fee to keep the account open, you鈥檙e making the bank money by just using the card.
, a fintech with banking services, is pretty up front about this, saying 鈥淵ou don鈥檛 pay monthly service fees or similar fees to Chime; instead, most of Chime鈥檚 income is from Visa.鈥
Other banking features can cost money, though
Just because a bank account doesn鈥檛 charge a monthly maintenance fee doesn鈥檛 mean that every service it offers is entirely free.
While you might not be paying a monthly maintenance fee, watch out for these other fees on 鈥渇ree鈥 bank accounts:
- Overdraft fees, often around $30 per incident
- Out-of-network ATM fees, often around $3.50 per transaction
- Paper statement fees, often $5 per month
- Wire transfer fees, usually around $10 to $50 per wire
- Foreign transaction fees, often 1% to 3% of the transaction
- Account closure fees, can be $5 to $50 one-time fee
- Inactivity fees, often $5 to $10 per month
- Card replacement fees, usually between $5 and $20 per card
Other revenue options for free bank accounts
Interchange fees are just one part of how 鈥渇ree鈥 bank accounts can make money. Other revenue streams can include:
- Lending services. Offering loans means banks can earn interest. offer student refinancing, auto loans, and mortgages, which can all generate revenue from interest.
- Advertising. Banks can have partnerships with other companies and pitch those products to you, like ads in your or email campaigns.
- Selling data to third parties. Banks can collect your spending data (unless you opt out of it) and sell that information to third parties for targeted advertising.
Bottom line
A free bank account doesn鈥檛 mean you won鈥檛 ever pay anything ever to use the account. If you overdraft, use your , make a wire transfer or order paper statements, you鈥檒l probably pay a small fee for that.
Of course, not having to pay a monthly maintenance fee is great, but make sure to read through your account鈥檚 deposit agreement so you know what fees you could be charged.
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